Proper cargo handling is essential for safe and efficient transport. How loads are stacked, balanced, and restrained directly affects vehicle behaviour during braking, cornering, and on uneven surfaces.
Regulatory Guidance
Malaysia’s Land Public Transport Agency (APAD) requires operators to follow recognised safety standards. “Operators must ensure that every load is properly restrained to prevent shifting or toppling, safeguarding both drivers and other road users,” says APAD.
Cargo-Specific Precautions
Different types of cargo require tailored measures. Petrol and chemicals need spill containment and secure handling, temperature-sensitive goods require reliable refrigeration, and palletised or project cargo must be stacked, blocked, and strapped correctly. Restraints; straps, chains, pallets, or cages, should suit the trailer type, whether flatbeds, curtain-siders, or containers.
Driver Responsibilities
Drivers play a central role in cargo safety. Pre-departure checks confirm that restraints and securing devices are in place. During long trips, periodic inspections ensure stability as straps settle or weather conditions change. Clear communication with loading staff maintains correct weight distribution, centre-of-gravity awareness, and proper handling for special cargo.
Technology Support
Fleet management tools complement these practices. GPS and telematics allow operators to monitor cargo conditions and detect unusual movement, while high-value or sensitive project cargo can be tracked to protect both goods and revenue.
Training and Competence
Operators invest in structured training to maintain safety and operational standards. PUSPAKOM runs workshops on vehicle inspection and load securing, while MIROS offers programmes on defensive driving and cargo handling. Leading fleet operators, such as Pos Logistics and MISC Berhad, provide in-house training focused on proper stacking, load restraint, and the use of telematics to monitor driver behaviour. APAD notes that “well-trained personnel are key to reducing accidents and cargo damage, ensuring smooth and safe fleet operations.”
Heavy-Vehicle Accident Context
Heavy-vehicle accidents remain a concern in Malaysia. MIROS reports that from 2019 to 2024, over 3 500 lorry accidents occurred nationwide, resulting in more than 1 450 deaths and hundreds of serious injuries. These figures highlight the importance of proper cargo handling, vehicle maintenance, and driver training.
Practical Guidance
Operators should align cargo handling with regulatory standards, adapting practices to the type of load. Drivers must routinely check restraints and maintain clear communication with loading teams. Technology such as GPS and telematics should be used to monitor cargo conditions and address issues promptly. Structured training strengthens technical skills and reinforces safe operating procedures.
